Tamoxifen from chemotherapy to antiviral drug: Possible activity against COVID-19

Tamoxifen from chemotherapy to antiviral drug: Possible activity against COVID-19

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Tamoxifen (TAM) is the oldest and the most-prescribed selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).It is a member of the triphenylethylene group.TAM has been used to treat breast cancer that spreads to other parts of the human body; it is also utilized to decreasing the chances of breast cancer developing in high-risk patients.

Recently, some studies focused on the potential antimicrobial action of TAM.Coronaviruses are enveloped positive-sense RNA nucleic acid viruses that have club-like spikes, characterized by a distinctive replication strategy; they are round and sometimes pleomorphic in shape.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is regarding the new genera of coronaviredia that Hand Grip appeared for the first time in Wuhan, China, in early December 2019.

Due to the continuous spread of the novel COVID-19 with the exponential rise in death numbers, new therapeutic development is urgent; in general, there are no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines for 2019-nCoV.Hence, this review will discuss the most recent information about the antiviral action of TAM against COVID-19 infection by trying to give a deep understanding of major properties, mechanisms of action, immune system responses, and antimicrobial efficiency of TAM that is regarding the promising way to treat COVID-19 novel infection.The current review may serve as an impetus for researchers working in the field of medical microbiology, vaccination, and antiviral drug HISENSE RQ689N4BD1 Fridge Freezer - Silver design.

The review also rationally reports and critically analyzes the available knowledge by focusing and mentioning future steps and strategies trying to find appropriate solutions regarding challenges in COVID-19 management by TAM utilization.